Introduction:

In this program, we will determine whether a given number is odd or even using the C programming language. An even number is any integer that is divisible by 2 (i.e., the remainder is 0 when divided by 2), whereas an odd number is any integer that is not divisible by 2 (i.e., the remainder is 1 when divided by 2).

Objective:

The objective of this program is to take a number as input from the user, check whether the number is even or odd, and print the result accordingly.

C Program Code

#include 

int main() {
    int number;

    // Ask the user for input
    printf("Enter an integer: ");
    scanf("%d", &number);

    // Check if the number is even or odd
    if (number % 2 == 0) {
        printf("%d is an even number.\n", number);
    } else {
        printf("%d is an odd number.\n", number);
    }

    return 0;
}

Explanation of the Program

Here is a breakdown of the program structure:

1. #include <stdio.h>: This line includes the standard input/output header file, which is necessary for using functions like printf and scanf.
2. int main(): This defines the main function where the program execution begins.
3. int number;: This declares a variable number of type int to store the user’s input.
4. printf(“Enter an integer: “);: This line displays a prompt asking the user to input an integer.
5. scanf(“%d”, &number);: This function reads the user’s input and stores it in the variable number.
6. if (number % 2 == 0): This conditional statement checks if the remainder of the number when divided by 2 is zero, which would indicate that the number is even.
7. printf(“%d is an even number.\n”, number);: If the condition is true (the number is even), this line prints the message indicating that the number is even.
8. else: If the number is not even, this block executes and prints that the number is odd.
9. return 0;: This statement ends the program and returns a status code of 0, indicating that the program has run successfully.

How to Run the Program

To run this program, follow these steps:

1. Open a text editor (like Notepad++ or Visual Studio Code) and paste the provided code into a new file.
2. Save the file with a .c extension (e.g., odd_even.c).
3. Open a terminal (command prompt) and navigate to the folder where the .c file is saved.
4. Compile the program using a C compiler (e.g., GCC) with the following command:

   gcc odd_even.c -o odd_even

5. Run the compiled program with this command:

   ./odd_even

6. Enter an integer when prompted, and the program will tell you whether the number is odd or even.