Binary to Decimal Converter in C++
This program converts a binary number (entered as a string) to its decimal equivalent. Below is the complete C++ program, along with an explanation of its structure and functionality.
Program Code
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
// Function to convert binary to decimal
int binaryToDecimal(const std::string &binaryString) {
int decimalValue = 0;
int length = binaryString.length();
// Iterate through each character in the binary string
for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
// Calculate the power of 2 for the current bit
int bit = binaryString[length - 1 - i] - '0';
decimalValue += bit * std::pow(2, i);
}
return decimalValue;
}
int main() {
std::string binaryString;
// Prompt user for input
std::cout << "Enter a binary number: ";
std::cin >> binaryString;
// Convert binary to decimal
int decimalValue = binaryToDecimal(binaryString);
// Display the result
std::cout << "The decimal equivalent is: " << decimalValue << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Explanation
The program is structured as follows:
1. Include Necessary Headers
The program includes the following headers:
#include <iostream>– For input and output operations.#include <string>– To use thestd::stringclass.#include <cmath>– To use thestd::powfunction for power calculations.
2. Define the binaryToDecimal Function
This function takes a binary number as a string and converts it to its decimal equivalent. It iterates through each bit of the binary string, calculates its corresponding power of 2, and adds the result to the decimal value.
3. Main Function
The main function is the entry point of the program. It:
- Prompts the user to enter a binary number.
- Calls the
binaryToDecimalfunction to convert the input to a decimal number. - Displays the decimal equivalent.
Running the Program
To run this program, you need a C++ compiler. Save the code in a file with a .cpp extension and compile it using a C++ compiler. For example, using g++:
g++ -o binary_to_decimal binary_to_decimal.cpp
./binary_to_decimal
Then enter a binary number when prompted to see its decimal equivalent.
