📌 Introduction

In Python programming, understanding variable scope is essential for writing clean and effective code.
Two of the most common scopes in Python are local and global.
These determine where a variable can be accessed or modified.

🎯 Objective

The objective of this lesson is to:

• Differentiate between local and global variables in Python
• Understand how scope affects variable access and modification
• Write a Python program that demonstrates both scopes clearly

💻 Python Code Example

# Global variable
x = 10

def local_scope_example():
    # Local variable
    x = 5
    print("Inside local_scope_example, x =", x)

def global_scope_example():
    global x
    x = 20
    print("Inside global_scope_example, x =", x)

# Initial value of x
print("Initial value of x:", x)

# Call function with local scope
local_scope_example()

# Value of x remains unchanged globally
print("After local_scope_example, x:", x)

# Call function with global scope
global_scope_example()

# Global x is changed
print("After global_scope_example, x:", x)
    

📖 Program Explanation

🚀 How to Run This Program

1. Copy the Python code above into a file and save it as variable_scope.py.
2. Open a terminal or command prompt.
3. Navigate to the directory where the file is saved.
4. Run the program using: python variable_scope.py
5. Observe how the value of x changes based on the scope.